Tuesday, March 19, 2024

Bill Keller in WWI


I don't think of Bill Keller as a soldier and I'm pretty sure he would be ok with that.  He was my grandfather.  We called him "Popaw."  He loved his grandchildren, preparing smoked meats (mainly turkey) and Ford automobiles.  He was tall, emanated an abundance of self-confidence and was profoundly knowledgeable about all things agricultural-- at least from my perspective.  He knew everyone in his small town of Oak Grove, Louisiana and everyone knew him.

As a kid in the late '70's, I'm sure it didn't occur to to me that Popaw may have once been in the service.   He wore house slippers most the time, really thick glasses and had a Santa Clause-like belly.  At night, he kept his teeth in a jar of water on the nightstand.  Nothing in his world reflected a military past except that he maintained an "early to bed and early to rise" routine and he had a profound respect for the flag.

I don't recall when I found out he had served in WW1.  I was still fairly young.  As my interest in all things history and military grew, I wanted to know more about his experiences in Europe.  The first few times I broached the subject, he skirted the question or didn't give much response at all.  

He was so hesitant to talk about it, I was worried I would hurt his feelings if I brought it up.  I distinctly remember one incident during some lazy holiday afternoon.  A number of family were at our house in Alexandria while the proverbial feast was being prepared.  The boys were watching an old war movie on TV.  During a particularly intense nighttime battlefield scene, peppered with an abundance of machinegun fire and grenade explosions, Popaw got up from the sofa and said, "I've seen enough of that," as he left the room.

It wasn't until college that I made another attempt to ask him about his service directly.  It was 1987.  He was 93 years old.  His bride of 57 years had been gone 8 years since.  He was living alone in a 2 bedroom condo in Monroe, Louisiana around the corner from his daughter, Marion LaFoe.   I was in school at Louisiana Tech that year--  about a 30 minute drive away.  I managed a couple weekend visits with him.  He had a "sitter" of sorts who stayed with him.  I filled in for her on the weekends I was there.  He always baked an angel food cake for my visit-- well, really for anyone who visited.  He always had homemade angel food cake on hand.

Every morning he raised an American flag on a bonafide flag pole skirted with little white rocks in the middle of his small patch of lawn.  This caught the attention of a newsman neighbor who saw to it that an article was written about this aged veteran and his unfailing patriotism.  I wish I had been there for the interview.

In the evenings, after the flag came down, we settled in for "Wheel of Fortune" and dinner.  One particular evening, a couple things happened.  One, he responded by phone to a TV commercial advertising life insurance for individuals between 50 and 75-- knowing full well he was over 75 and two, he spoke a bit about his military service.

Bill Keller in Uniform

Regarding his service, he gave up the following...  He was "called up" in 1917 out of his home in Arkansas.  He was loaded on a train for Pineville, Louisiana wearing his best set of clothes.  When he reached the camp in Pineville, he was quartered in a freshly constructed wooden hut.  The hut was so new it was not furnished yet.  He was assigned a spot on the floor where a cot would normally go.  They were to sleep on the floor for the night.  The next morning he was upset to find that a poorly set nail in the floor had ripped a gaping hole in his best pair of pants.  He said he "didn't much like the army after that".

Of those he met in Europe, he said he was least impressed with the British.  "They were nearly as bad as the Germans".  He found the Brits a rude, godless people with "no manners to speak of".

I've got Popaw's discharge papers.  As a 22 year old, he enlisted as a Private in Company F of the 51st Infantry Regiment.  They were part of the 6th Division during WW1.  If he had a tunic, it would have looked like this... 

The shoulder patch for the 6th division was a red star with a "6" on it.  Online I found campaign participation credits for the unit during his time of service including the Meuse-Argonne offensive and Alsace 1918.  They saw 43 days of combat with 386 casualties.  Popaw was not one of the casualties.  His discharge papers say he was not wounded, but I know he spent a lot of time in the hospital with pneumonia.  The paper classified him with 10% disability, excellent character and granted him travel pay to  Conway, Arkansas.

Another interesting, if not somewhat dubious, thing he told me was that he was the last American soldier to leave France after the war.  Naturally, I'm leery about that claim, but his argument went like this...  he had double pneumonia and had been in the hospital in Paris for a good while.  The hospital ship was the last ship to leave the harbor and his was the last stretcher to be loaded on the ship.  No doubt he felt like he had been in France much longer than anyone else.  A debarkation list found at ancestry.com lists William Keller as "Sick and Wounded" aboard the DeKalb June 11, 1919 bound for Virginia.  I found a photo of the actual ship...

Hospital Ship DeKalb left St. Nazaire, France June 11 1919

He spoke highly of his care in the Paris hospital.  In the 70's he took a trip back to France.  I'm told he spent some time trying to hunt down his caregivers but the buildings and the people were gone.  When he realized that he lost interest in the trip.

Popaw died at 97 years old.  Whenever I hear people saying how someone had seen it all- from horse and buggy to the moon landings, I think of Popaw.  He's one of those.  Born in a simple cabin with an outhouse in Pickles Gap, Arkansas.  He amassed a few nice belt buckles doing rodeo as a young man.  Served his country in the trenches during the big war.  Sold Ford automobiles out of his own dealership from 1927 to 1972.  All the while entertaining family and friends until his death in 1991.  

I imagine there is a lot I still don't know about his service during WW1, but I witnessed how he loved his family, his flag, and his maker.

Tuesday, January 16, 2024

Patriot Ancestors



Rev. John Cleveland -

There is a "well grounded tradition" that two men were at the base of King's Mountain in fervent prayer while the battle raged October 7, 1780.  The chaplains for the men of Colonel Benjamin Cleveland's Wilkes County Militia were, Reverend George McNeil and Reverend John Cleveland.  John, my 5th great grandfather, was a brother of Colonel Benjamin Cleveland.  John had at least two brothers in the battle and another that had been wounded on his way to the battle.  Colonel Benjamin Cleveland is the most well known of the family as he led the Wilkes County men all over the Piedmont chasing Tories for most of the War, but he is better known for his important role in the victory at King's Mountain.  

Not long ago, I was surprised to find the "King's Mountain prayer story" corroborated by a mention in the letters to the editor section of the Fall 2020 edition of the Sons of the American Revolution Magazine...



Rev. John Cleveland definitely served Patriot duties during the Revolutionary War, but there are only a couple bits of evidence for him being at the Battle of Kings Mountain.  Other than the oral tradition handed down in the McNeil family about the prayer warriors mentioned earlier, I have found only a couple references to Rev. John Cleveland being at the battle.  One reference comes again from the McNeil family.  The Reverend George McNeil's family celebrated George at family reunions for many years.  In 1905, a hundred years after his death, a marker was erected at his gravesite.  Hymns were sung and statements were read including the following written by his son, Joseph McNeil...
The Rev. Mr. George McNeil was bornd on or about the year 1720 and was ordained some time before the year 1776, but the exact time I cannot tel, and he was frequently a corresponding messenger to different associations, frequently appointed a help to churches whose difficulties arose in them, and was called to ordain preachers, and constitute churches, and was Moderator of the Yadkin Association for a number of years, and he and the Rev. Mr. John Cleveland went in the Revolutionary War with the army as they went from Kings Mountain and preached to them until they got up into Burke County. Him and the Rev’d Mr. A. Baker yoused to preach a great deal together. He departed this life June the 7th, 1805. This is correct an account as I am able to give.
Much of what Joseph wrote about George McNeil's experience with the Baptists in North Carolina and north Georgia would apply to John Cleveland also.  They worked together to establish churches and associations.  It is understood they were great friends.  One of John's daughters married a son of George McNeil.

Another source that indicates John Cleveland was present at the battle of Kings Mountain is the pension application of Private Thomas Majors.  A deposition by a man named Forbes in that pension application states the following...
"I was from Burke County North Carolina Majors was from Wilkes County North Carolina & served under Colonel Benjamin Cleveland. I first knew him about the 30th of September 1780, when the different forces assembled. I knew Col. Cleveland well also Major Hearn, Captain Joseph Lewis: & Ensign John Cleveland also knew Colonels Campbell & Shelby & Major Winston. From the date aforesaid up to the battle of Kings Mountain I knew Majors & some time afterwards: Majors was one who went to guard some prisoners to Burke Court house: & I was also one"
Following Forbes' statement is another by a man named Isham Lane that backs up Forbes' recollection.  Lane states this...
We were both from Wilkes County North Carolina he (Majors) was a regular enlisted soldier of the Revolutionary Army. He & I both drew lots from the same hat & he drew to go: He enlisted early in 1780 He was at the battle of Kings Mountain & served under Colonel Cleveland & Major Winston & Captain Joseph Lewis and Ensign John Cleveland all of whom I knew well & also Shelby and Campbell Colonels but do not remember Major Hearn.



 

Col. Joseph Hardin- 

The namesake of  Hardin County, Tennessee, he is a 5th great grandfather via my maternal grandmother's Kuykendall family line.  His son-in-law was Adam Kuykendall who is responsible for bringing the Kuykendall clan to Arkansas.  Col. Hardin is one of a surprising number of ancestors with his own wiki page (found HERE).  

Counted as an "Overmountain Man," He is credited with a number of impressive accomplishments-- a mover and shaker in colonial times.  He was very active in the military serving North Carolina as a Major in the Salisbury District Minutemen, a Captain with the Tryon County Regiment, and a Captain with the 2nd Battalion of Volunteers.  At the time of the Battle of Kings Mountain, 46 year old Hardin was serving as a Major in the Wilkes County Regiment of the North Carolina Militia.  He and his family saw lots of action.  Two of his sons were killed in various battles with Indians.  His brother, Captain John Hardin, and his company of rifle marksmen earned fame at the Battle of Ramsour's Mill.

Joseph's name is found among the signers of the Tryon Resolves along with his father, Benjamin Hardin.  The Tryon Resolves was signed on August 14, 1775 by residents of North Carolina who were incensed by the degradation that resulted from the policies of the English government forced on the colonists, especially after the Battle of Lexington.

Signers of the Tryon Resolves a year before the Declaration of Independence


The courthouse at Savannah, TN is dedicated to Joseph Hardin





Sgt. Samuel Sentell -